Do Both Co-Executors Need To Sign? (Solved)
Being named a co-executor sounds simple on paper, but once the estate process actually starts, things can get overwhelming.
Forms need signatures, banks start asking questions, and suddenly you’re stuck wondering why nothing can move forward without another person involved.
One of the first questions that usually comes up is who actually has to sign what, and if both co-executors are always required to be involved.
If you’re feeling confused or slightly annoyed by the back-and-forth, you’re not alone.
In this post, we’ll explain if both co-executors need to sign, and what to expect as things move along.
Do Both Co-Executors Need To Sign?
Yes, both co-executors need to sign in most cases.
When a will names more than one executor, the law usually treats them as a unit. That means big decisions and official actions typically require both people to agree and sign off.
Courts set it up this way on purpose.
It helps prevent mistakes, protects the estate, and keeps one person from acting alone in ways that could cause problems later.
From a practical standpoint, banks, title companies, and probate courts almost always assume both co-executors must sign unless there’s very clear proof saying otherwise. Even if the two executors trust each other completely, outside institutions still want everyone on record.
That said, not every single task requires dual signatures. The difference usually comes down to how serious or permanent the action is.

Also Read: How Much Does It Cost To Reopen An Estate?
Situations Where Both Co-Executors Must Sign
For most major estate actions, both co-executors are expected to be involved. These are the moments where signatures matter and skipping one can slow everything down or stop it entirely.
Here are some common examples where both signatures are usually required:
- Selling or transferring real estate owned by the estate
- Opening or closing estate bank accounts
- Filing probate documents with the court
- Distributing money or property to beneficiaries
These tasks directly affect the value of the estate or the rights of beneficiaries, so courts want shared accountability. If something goes wrong, both executors are legally responsible.
That shared responsibility is exactly why the system leans so hard on dual signatures.
It can feel frustrating, especially if one executor is more organized or more available than the other. Still, from the court’s perspective, slowing things down a bit is better than letting one person make irreversible decisions alone.
When One Co-Executor Can Sign Alone
There are situations where one co-executor can act without the other. They’re just less common, and they usually require very clear permission from either the will itself or the court.
Let’s go over these:
#1 The Will Allows It
Some wills include language that lets each co-executor act independently. This is often written as something like
“Each executor may act alone without the consent of the other.”
When that wording exists, it changes everything.
With that kind of clause, banks and courts are more willing to accept a single signature. Even then, some institutions still ask for a copy of the will and may double-check before moving forward. They want to protect themselves just as much as the estate.
Also Read: Can A Sole Beneficiary Be An Executor Of A Will?
If you’re not sure, read the executor section of the will very carefully. One sentence can make a huge difference here.
#2 With Court Approval
If one co-executor is unavailable, unresponsive, or causing unreasonable delays, the probate court can step in.
A judge may give the active executor permission to move forward alone for specific actions.
This usually happens after someone files a formal request explaining the issue. The court doesn’t take this lightly, but it also doesn’t like estates getting stuck in limbo.
If the delay is harming the estate, court approval becomes more likely.
This route takes time and sometimes money, but it can be the cleanest way to move forward when cooperation breaks down.
#3 Limited Tasks
Some smaller, routine tasks don’t always require both signatures. These might include routine and admin tasks like:
- Gathering information
- Paying routine bills
- Communicating with beneficiaries
The important thing to remember is that these actions don’t permanently change the estate.
Once money moves, property transfers, or legal filings come into play, expect the requirement for both executors to resurface fast.

Also Read: Do I Need A Will If I Have Beneficiaries?
What Happens If One Co-Executor Refuses To Sign
This is where things can get uncomfortable.
When one co-executor flat-out refuses to sign, the entire estate can stall. Bills go unpaid, assets can’t be sold, and beneficiaries start getting frustrated.
Sometimes that frustration turns into conflict, and that conflict can get expensive.
A refusal to sign doesn’t automatically mean someone is doing something wrong. Sometimes it’s fear, confusion, or disagreement about how something should be handled. Other times, it’s personal tension that has nothing to do with the estate at all.
Still, refusal has consequences. Delays can lead to penalties, lost value, and legal headaches.
If beneficiaries are harmed by the delay, the executor refusing to cooperate could end up facing court scrutiny. Executors have a duty to act in the estate’s best interest, not their own.
At that point, ignoring the issue usually makes things worse instead of better.
How To Resolve Co-Executor Disputes
Most co-executor problems don’t start in court, and many never need to end up there.
The goal is to get things moving again without burning bridges or draining the estate.
Often, resolution starts with a calm conversation. Laying out what needs to happen, why it matters, and what the risks are can clear up misunderstandings faster than people expect.
Written communication helps too, especially when emotions run high.
If that doesn’t work, bringing in a probate attorney or mediator can help refocus things.
Sometimes hearing the same information from a neutral third party changes everything. It adds clarity and reminds everyone that the role comes with legal duties.
Court involvement is the last step, but it’s there for a reason. Judges can order cooperation, limit an executor’s authority, or even remove someone who refuses to do their job. That sounds extreme, but courts care deeply about protecting estates and beneficiaries.
The important thing is not letting the situation drag on indefinitely.
Time rarely fixes co-executor disputes on its own.
Bottom Line
In most cases, both co-executors need to sign for major estate actions.
That’s the default rule, and it’s what banks, courts, and title companies expect. One executor acting alone usually needs clear permission from the will or approval from the court.
If a co-executor refuses to sign, the estate can stall fast, but there are ways to fix it before things spiral. Communication, legal guidance, and court support exist to keep estates moving forward.
If you’re dealing with this right now, take a breath. You’re not stuck forever, and this situation is more common than you think.













